KS3+Preparing+common+salts


 * Chemical equations and Preparation of Salts **

State the preparation of copper sulphate. calcium chloride. zinc chloride or zinc sulphate crystals. __//Name three acids that can be used to make salts.//__ 1. hydrochloric acid 2. sulfuric acid 3. nitric acid. __//Name the products made by these acids.//__ 1. ch lorides 2. sul fates 3. n itrates 1. zinc chloride: granulated zinc and hydrochloric acid 2. zinc sulfate: granulated zinc and sulfuric acid 3. calcium chloride: marble chips and hydrochloric acid
 * Write a word equation to prepare**

Explain how to prepare some common salts by the reactions of metals and metal carbonates and be able to write word equations for these reactions. =**Making Copper Sulphate lab**= What is the formula for Copper Oxide? What is the formula of Copper sulphate? What colour is a solution of Copper Sulphate?

This is a set of instructions for preparing copper sulphate (CuSO 4 ) from sulphuric acid and copper oxide.

 * PROCEDURE **


 * 1. Add small amounts of solid (copper carbonate/copper oxide) powder to 25 cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid, and stir. **


 * 2. Keep adding powder slowly until some unreacted (copper carbonate/copper oxide) remains at the bottom. **


 * 3. Filter the solution to remove the unreacted (copper carbonate/copper oxide) and transfer the filtrate into an evaporating basin. **


 * 4. Heat the contents of the evaporating basin gently until about a third of the water has evaporated. **


 * 5. Leave the solution to cool and then examine the crystals which are formed. **

QUESTIONS (answer in full sentences in your book)

1. Write a list of all the apparatus that would be needed to prepare copper sulphate crystals.

2. What safety precautions would you need to take if you were following these instructions?

3. Why is it better to have (copper carbonate/copper oxide) powder left in the beaker after the reaction, rather than having dilute sulphuric acid left behind?

4. Why was it necessary to filter the mixture before evaporating it?

5. Write word equation for the reaction which took place between ( ** copper carbonate ** /copper oxide) and sulphuric acid.

6. Describe what the copper sulphate crystals look like?

The below diagram shows the process how to prepare zinc chloride: Acids + Metal → Salts + Hydrogen gas //Q7. Why do you think that granulated zinc is used instead of a block?// It has a large surface area thus reacts with acid more rapidly. //Q8. Why was the solution heated before it was left in an evaporation dish?// To speed up the process of removing water by evaporation.
 * [[image:Adding zinc to hydrochloric acid.png width="213" height="248"]] || [[image:Filtration with a filter funnel.png width="261" height="238"]] || [[image:Evaporation.png width="194" height="237"]] ||
 * Step1. Adding zinc to hydrochloric acid || Step2. Filteration with a filter funnel || Evaporation ||

1. Acids + Metal → Salts + Hydrogen gas Write word equations for the reactions between the following metals and acids.
 * Two methods of preparing salts.**


 * 1. magnesium and sulfuric acid
 * 2. iron and nitric acid
 * 3. calcium and hydrochloric acid
 * 4. lead and sulfuric acid
 * 5. aluminium and hydrochloric acid
 * 6. tin and nitric acid

2. Acids + Metal carbonates => Salts + Carbon dioxide + Water Write word equations for the reactions between the following metal carbonates and acids.


 * 1. zinc carbonate and sulfuric acid
 * 2. aluminium carbonaate and hydrochloric acid
 * 3. magnesium carbonate and nitric acid
 * 4. copper carbonate and sulfuric acid
 * 5. calcium carbonate and nitric acid
 * 6. lead carbonate and hydrochloric acid

1. using metals and acids Acids + Metal → Salts + Hydrogen gas a. nitric acid + iron → iron nitrate + hydrogen b. hydrochloric acid + magnesium → magnesium chloride + hydrogen c. hydrochloric acid + calcium → calcium chloride + hydrogen d. hydrochloric acid + zinc → zinc chloride + hydrogen e. magnesium + //sulphuric acid// → //magnesium// sulphate + hydrogen f. sulphuric acid + zinc → zinc sulphate + hydrogen g. sulphuric acid + lead → lead sulphate + hydrogen h. nitric acid + magnesium → magnesium nitrate + hydrogen i. aluminium + hydrochloric acid → aluminium chloride + hydrogen j. nitric acid + potassium → potassium nitrate + hydrogen k. nitric acid + tin → tin nitrate + hydrogen
 * Answers:**

2. using metal carbonates and acids. Acids + Metal carbonates => Salts + Carbon dioxide + Water a. Sulphuric acid + Zinc Carbonate → zinc sulphate + water + carbon dioxide b. Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium Carbonate → Magnesium chloride + Carbon dioxide + Water c. Nitric Acid + Calcium Carbonate → calcium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide d. iron carbonate + sulphuric acid → Iron sulphate + carbon dioxide + water e. zinc carbonate + hydrochloric acid → zinc chloride + carbon dioxide + water f. potassium carbonate + nitric acid → potassium nitrate + carbon dioxide + water g. Sodium hydrogen carbonate + hydrochloric acid → sodium chloride + carbon dioxide + water h. lithium carbonate + nitric acid → lithium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide i. calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid → calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water j. aluminium carbonate + hydrochloric acid → aluminium chloride + carbon dioxide + water k. magnesium carbonate + nitric acid → magnesium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide l. copper carbonate + sulphuric acid → copper sulphate + carbon dioxide + water m. calcium carbonate + nitric acid → calcium nitrate + carbon dioxide + water n. lead carbonate + hydrochloric acid → lead chloride + carbon dioxide + water o. calcium carbonate + sulfuric acid → calcium sulphate + carbon dioxide + water

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