KS3+Energy+and+Energy+transfer

Consider what is meant by energy ENERGY: The ability to do __ work. __ The unit of energy is Joule(s) and the symbol is J. It is the property of something that makes it able to exert a force and move to do work. =[|Types of energy]= from springfield.uk.org KINETIC ENERGY: Energy an object has as a result of its __ motion. __ INTERNAL ENERGY: The energy stored in a (hot) object. GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY: Energy an object has a result of its __ position __ in a __ gravitational __ field. STRAIN ENERGY: Energy stored in an elastic object. CHEMICAL ENERGY: Energy stored in food and fossil fuels. SOUND ENERGY: Energy transmitted by vibrations of media such as air. ELECTRICAL ENERGY: Energy resulting from the flow of electrons. LIGHT ENERGY: Energy from the Sun. THERMAL ENERGY: Energy arising from random movements of particles. [|NUCLEAR ENERGY]: Energy from atoms
 * Energy **

Understand that energy cannot be created or destroyed and that energy is always conserved. =ENERGY TRANSFER=

**//__PRINCIPLE OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY:__//** Energy is never __ created __ nor __ destroyed __. It just changes from one __ form __ to __ another __. In any energy conversion, the total amount of energy before and after the conversion is constant.

Consider examples of energy transfer

Interpret and draw energy transfer diagrams Sankey diagram of a light bulb from skoool.co.uk

Your task: Draw a Sankey diagram in a car engine Recognise energy transfer in green plants

Your task: Draw a Sankey diagrams of energy from the Sun

Energy from the Sun


Relate energy requirements to food intake 

Consider the energy conversions taking place in a power station.

Your task: Draw an energy transfer diagram for the power station boiler [|Generating Electricity] from BBC KS3 Bitesize 

Provide examples of fuels Choose appropriate energy sources for

Aim: To investigate which food releases the most amount of energy. Hypothesis:

Variables: - Independent variable: - Dependent variable: - Controlled variables: Apparatus: Diagram using a pencil and a ruler:
 * Procedure:**
 * Results table:**
 * Mass of food(g) || Initial temperature || Final temperature || Temperature increase ||
 * Food sample 1 ||  ||   ||   ||
 * Food sample 2 ||  ||   ||   ||
 * Food sample 3 ||  ||   ||   ||

Complete the investigation procedure and the results table on your foolscap.
Understand the relationship between energy and work To be able to measure work The transfer of energy to a body by the application of a force that moves the body in the direction of the force. It is calculated as the product of the force and the distance through which the body moves.
 * Work || = || Force || x || Distance ||
 * J || = ||> N ||  || m ||

**Three methods of energy transfer**
Investigate thermal conduction investigate thermal insulation Identify and explain the thermal(heat) energy transfer processes of conduction, convection and radiation. Apply knowledge about heat transfer processes to everyday situations. media type="youtube" key="3nX2Lee5MwY" width="560" height="315" HEAT RADIATION with the science Geeks! [|Science Geeks] Published on 12 Oct 2013 Activity from BBC KS3 Bitesize
 * Conduction:** Thermal energy transfers from the hot parts to cold parts of material by vibration of particles. They bump into each other and transfer energy.
 * Convection:** Thermal energy is transferred through freely moving particles.
 * Radiation:** Thermal energy transfer by itself without medium. All object radiate thermal energy.

Go visit [|what2learn.com] and play games

=[|ENERGY RESOURCES]= From springfield.uk.net Describe [|Fossil fuels as non renewable fuels] and the problems associated with their use Describe [|renewable fuels] ([|Solar], waves, rivers, wind etc) and problems with alternative energy sources Discuss a range of energy sources and distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources. Use knowledge of energy sources including fossil fuels and renewable energy resources to consider the world’s energy needs, including research from secondary sources. Non-renewable energy resources cannot be replaced once they are all used up. Coal, oil and natural gas are called fossil fuels. They formed millions of years ago from the remains of living things. Coal was formed from plants. Oil and natural gas were formed from sea creatures. Renewable energy resources can be replaced, and will not run out.

Energy transfer and storage from BBC KS3 Bitesize
 * Homework due by Wednesday 11th December 2013**
 * Make an magazine article on ENERGY RESOURCES in words or pages using the information from the website below.**

Your project will be graded based on the criteria below.

**Natural resources:** Any materials found on Earth that are used by humans Fossil fuels Activity 1: coal, oil and gas formation List the fuels on your notebook and write where each one comes from. Fuel where it comes from wood: from trees alcohol: fermented from plant material manure: from animals that eat food charcoal: from wood that is partially burned in a limited air supply biogas methane: produced from things which grow Notes to take: All the above fuels store energy from the Sun via photosynthesis. coal formed from forests in the Carboniferous period 300 million years ago <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">oil and gas formed over millions of years from small organisms at the bottom of the sea

media type="youtube" key="4vJ_1ojjlxw" width="560" height="315" [|The Carbon Cycle or The Circle of Life] by [|Melissa Landeen] from youtube.com
 * The Carbon cycle**

//* Use words from the list to complete the passage. You can use each word more than once.//

 * Sun, conduction, convection, conservation, cooler, current, evaporation, fossil fuels, generated, heat, iron, light, non renewable, particles, radiation, renewable ||

Most of the Earth's energy comes from the __ Sun ____.__ Resources such as coal, oil and gas, which have stored energy over millions of years are called fossil fuels which are __ non renewable __ as they cannot be replenished within the Earth's lifetime. Food, wind and waves are __renewable__ resources: they will never run out.

Electricity is __ generated __ from both types of resource, but most of our electricity comes from burning __ fossil fuels __. Energy from electricity is transferred to movement, heat and __ light __ in the appliances we use at home and at work.

There is a constant transfer of energy from hot objects to cooler ones. Energy transfer from particle to particle is called conduction. Energy transfer by the upward and downward movement of fluids is called convection. Liquids and other objects containing moisture lose energy by e__ vaporation. __

Energy from the Sun travels to the Earth as __ radiation __. All objects lose and gain energy by this method. It is the only way in which energy is transferred that does not involve the movement of __ particles __.

When energy is transferred, there is no gain or loss of energy. This is known as energy __ conservation ____.__ It does become more spread out, which makes it difficult to recover.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">**Problem solving** from Harcourt Education Ltd 2003 Catalyst 1

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">This picture shows a new youth centre which is to be built in the town. In order to get planning permission, the site must be run as an environmentally friendly development. This means that fossil fuels cannot be used to supply any of the energy needed in the centre. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">The energy needs for the centre will include activities to entertain young people. There will be a kitchen to provide meals, workshops for practical hobbies, a disco and a television room. Think about how the energy for this new centre could be supplied without using fossil fuels. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">Take notes on;
 * 1) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">Why are some energy resources described as ‘renewables’ and others as ‘non-renewables’?
 * 2) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Lucida Sans','Lucida Grande','Lucida Sans Unicode',Verdana,sans-serif;">Write some simple statements explaining the difference between these two terms.

(b) Energy resources Homework by 12 Nov. 2012
• Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy

What is the source of most of Earth's energy?
Energy resources can be either renewable or non-renewable. Non-renewable resources: The resources are used faster than they can be replaced, so the supply is limited. Example) Sun, water, wind, biomass and geothermal Renewable resources: The resources will not run out because they are replaced as quickly as they are used. Example) Fossil fuels- coal, oil and natural gases

[|Renewable vs non-renewable energy resources] from ck12.org

• Give advantages and disadvantages of each method in terms of cost, reliability, scale and environmental impact • Describe how electricity or other useful forms of energy may be obtained from: – chemical energy stored in fuel – water, including the energy stored in waves, in tides, and in water behind hydroelectric dams – geothermal resources – nuclear fission from cyberphysics.co.uk – heat and light from the Sun (solar cells and panels)

__ Task 1 __ __ **Your task is to answer the three big questions below. In order to answer the questions, you will need to do some research and read about the following issues first.** __ Find out about as many energy resources as possible. Draw up a chart showing these resources divided into renewables and non-renewables. At present, most of the energy used in the world is from non-renewable sources. What makes these so attractive and useful? What problems arise from our use of non-renewables? How can using renewables avoid these problems? Why have developed, industrial nations been so slow in using renewables? Think of a simple, bold way of presenting your answers to these three big questions – perhaps as a poster or as a slide-show. Big questions
 * 1) Why are some energy resources described as ‘renewables’ and others as ‘non-renewables’? Write some simple statements explaining the difference between these two terms.
 * 2) Why should we make more use of renewables?
 * 3) What problems are there with the use of renewables?

__ Task 2 __ __Energy Production Poster Task__ __//** Your task is to create a poster presenting the following information on your designated country: **//__
 * State main ways energy is produced.
 * Compare the amount of energy produced for each source.
 * Identify whether these energy sources are renewable or nonrenewable.
 * Discuss why your country uses these energy sources.
 * Predict changes that may occur in future for your countries energy production (predict does not mean GUESS!).

Mostly pictures! No more than 25 words in total. Printing pictures is fine. As much paper as you need from the roll.
 * Poster rules: **

__ Task 3 __ __**// Your task is to make a plan for a world that does not rely on fossil fuels for most of its energy. //**__ How can we supply the energy needed for essential activities? Try to make a realistic appraisal of our energy needs and how we can supply them. Would different parts of the world make use of different energy resources?
 * 1) What different activities do we use energy resources for?
 * 2) Think about each of the following areas and decide which are essential. Are there any where we could reduce our consumption of energy?
 * industry (for example, manufacturing, chemicals, metals)
 * transport (for example, road, rail, sea, air)
 * commerce (for example, business, banking, government, entertainment)
 * domestic (for example, heating, lighting, washing, entertainment)

Energy Project Marking Criteria <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">using ICT to produce an illustrated project? eye catching? ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   || <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;">**Joule Island** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">* How many different ways could you generate energy on this island using its special features? Joule Island is a remote island in the Pacific Ocean. You are in a team of 30 scientists who will be staying on the island for 3 years to study it. Your task is to provide the energy the team needs.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Is your project || <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">4. Great || <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">3. Good || <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">2. Need an improvement || <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1. Does not meet up basic requirements || <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">*Examiner's Comments or Suggestions ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">an intellectual story? or  sensational? ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">mentioning all the major problems?explaining advantages of energy resource(s) clearly? ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">explaining advantages of energy resource(s) clearly? ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">suggesting a good solution to the problems? ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">including detailed diagrams or artwork?
 * Total mark out of 20 ||  ||   ||   ||   || / 20 ||

<span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Your Task 1. Working with your group you must consider the renewable energy resources available on Joule Island, and decide how you would provide the energy for various tasks. 2. In the lesson you need to make notes to help you write your report. 3. For homework you will write the report which wants to be sent to a Scientific Magazine so use the correct scientific words. In your report you must:
 * · Describe the renewable energy resources available on Joule Island
 * · And explain how you would provide the energy to:


 * 1) Heat the hut.
 * 2) Supply hot water
 * 3) Cook food
 * 4) Light the buildings at night
 * 5) Produce electricity to run equipment
 * 6) Keep medicine cool in an electric fridge [this MUST work at all times]
 * 7) Methane gas is needed for Bunsen burners

What are examples of renewable energy resources?